At each sampling time instant, one observes system output and action to form discrete-time rewards. The sampled input-output data are collected along the trajectory of the dynamical system in ...

Discover how probability distribution methods can help predict stock market returns and improve investment decisions. Learn ...

Sigma-delta converters are in wide use among applications that demand high precision and accuracy. A variant of the sigma-delta architecture, called the continuous-time sigma delta (CT-S?), has found ...

Is our consciousness continuous, or does it occur in discrete chunks? At first glance, this may seem like a strange question. It seems, to us, that our lives are like a movie, where we are perceiving ...