Innovative technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) are transforming and modernizing the way data is generated, collected, and analyzed across different industries and fields of study. 1 ...

Data collection is the process of gathering and measuring information used for research. Collecting data is one of the most important steps in the research process, and is part of all disciplines ...

Pew Research Center designed this study to assess the current state of online survey sampling methods – both probability-based and opt-in – and determine their accuracy on general population estimates ...

This study looks at how national public opinion polling in the United States changed from 2000 to 2022. It focuses on two aspects: the sample source(s) – that is, where the survey takers came from – ...