Health researchers need to fully understand the underlying assumptions to uncover cause and effect. Timothy Feeney and Paul Zivich explain Physicians ask, answer, and interpret myriad causal questions ...

Social psychologists have made a number of inferences from the relatively. low predictability of verbal attitudes for overt behavior. Three such inferences having to do with the stability of attitudes ...

Animals survive in changing and unpredictable environments by not merely responding to new circumstances, but also, like humans, by forming inferences about their surroundings—for instance, squirrels ...

Machine-learning inference started out as a data-center activity, but tremendous effort is being put into inference at the edge. At this point, the “edge” is not a well-defined concept, and future ...