Introduction to Large Language Models Large Language Models: What tasks can they do? Big idea Many tasks can be turned into tasks of predicting words!

Large language models (LLMs)—machine learning algorithms that can recognize, summarize, translate, predict, and generate human languages on the basis of very large text-based …

Executive Summary Mistral Large 3 is a state-of-the-art, open-weight large language model (LLM) released by French AI startup Mistral AI in December 2025 ([1]mistral.ai) ([2]docs.mistral.ai). It …

The use of larger fonts and clearer layouts is required for books in large print format. The content of the large print book is identical to other editions, but there are usually more pages to …

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has generated interest in how they can be used for economic analysis and forecasting (e.g., Korinek 2023). The utility of LLMs depends on their …

Large Language Models Large Language Models: Applying pretrained models to new tasks

A large body of work evaluates models via crowdsourcing or existing data sources. However, this can be time-consuming, expensive, or unavail-able. Recently, Perez et al. [421] propose …