Some collisions at sea are avoidable, and they occur due to human error, negligence, or failure to follow proper navigation rules (COLREGs). These include poor lookout, miscommunication between vessels, or reckless manoeuvring. On the other hand, unavoidable collisions happen in rare circumstances where, despite taking all reasonable precautions, a collision can not be prevented. This may be due to sudden equipment failure, extreme weather, or emergency situations where vessels have no time or s